He spent some time in lonely places, asking God for spiritual enlightenment. On a pilgrimage to Rome, he joined the poor in begging at St. A friend asked him whether he was thinking of marrying, to which he answered: "Yes, a fairer bride than any of you have ever seen", meaning his "Lady Poverty". According to hagiographic accounts, thereafter he began to avoid the sports and feasts of his former companions. A strange vision made him return to Assisi and lose interest in the worldly life. In 1205, Francis left for Apulia to enlist in the army of Walter III, Count of Brienne. Upon his return to Assisi in 1203, Francis returned to his carefree life. An illness caused him to re-evaluate his life. Īround 1202, he joined a military expedition against Perugia and was taken as a prisoner at Collestrada, spending a year as a captive. His friends mocked him for his charity his father scolded him in rage. When he found him, Francis gave the man everything he had in his pockets. At the conclusion of his business deal, Francis abandoned his wares and ran after the beggar. In this account, he was selling cloth and velvet in the marketplace on behalf of his father when a beggar came to him and asked for alms. Although many hagiographers remark about his bright clothing, rich friends, and love of pleasures, his displays of disillusionment toward the world that surrounded him came fairly early in his life, as is shown in the "story of the beggar". He was handsome, witty, gallant, and delighted in fine clothes. As a youth, Francesco became a devotee of troubadours and was fascinated with all things Transalpine. Indulged by his parents, Francis lived the high-spirited life typical of a wealthy young man. Upon his return to Assisi, Pietro took to calling his son Francesco ("Free man", "Frenchman"), possibly in honor of his commercial success and enthusiasm for all things French. Pietro was in France on business when Francis was born in Assisi, and Pica had him baptized as Giovanni. 1.5 Stigmata, final days, and sainthoodįrancis of Assisi was born in late 1181 or early 1182, one of several children of an Italian father, Pietro di Bernardone dei Moriconi, a prosperous silk merchant, and a French mother, Pica de Bourlemont, about whom little is known except that she was a noblewoman originally from Provence.1.4 Reorganization of the Franciscan Order.1.2.2 The Poor Clares and the Third Order.Along with Catherine of Siena, he was designated patron saint of Italy. According to Christian tradition, in 1224 he received the stigmata during the apparition of a Seraphic angel in a religious ecstasy. Once his community was authorized by the Pope, he withdrew increasingly from external affairs.įrancis is known for his devotion to the Eucharist. Francis and the Custody of the Holy Land. He founded the men's Order of Friars Minor, the women's Order of St.
In 1219, he went to Egypt in an attempt to convert the sultan al-Kamil and put an end to the conflict of the Fifth Crusade. It became customary for churches to hold ceremonies blessing animals on his feast day of 4 October. Francis later became associated with patronage of animals and the natural environment. Pope Gregory IX canonized him on 16 July 1228. In 1223, he arranged for the first Christmas live nativity scene. 1181 – 3 October 1226), was a mystic Italian Catholic friar, founder of the Franciscans, and one of the most venerated figures in Christianity. Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, better known as Saint Francis of Assisi ( Italian: Francesco d'Assisi c.
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